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Security Fundamentals

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Transport Security

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HTTPS Everywhere

• All communications must use HTTPS
• Never send tokens over unencrypted connections
• Use TLS 1.2 or higher
• Implement proper certificate validation

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Secure Headers

• Use security headers like HSTS, CSP, and X-Frame-Options
• Implement proper CORS policies
• Use secure cookie settings

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Token Security

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Access Tokens

• Use short-lived access tokens (typically 1 hour)
• Store tokens securely on the client side
• Implement proper token validation
• Use secure random generation

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Refresh Tokens

• Store refresh tokens securely
• Implement proper rotation
• Use longer expiration times
• Implement proper revocation

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ID Tokens

• Always verify JWT signatures
• Check token expiration
• Validate the aud (audience) claim
• Implement proper nonce validation

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Authentication Security

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Client Authentication

• Use secure client authentication methods
• Implement proper client secret management
• Use PKCE for public clients
• Implement proper redirect URI validation

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User Authentication

• Implement strong password policies
• Use multi-factor authentication when possible
• Implement proper session management
• Use secure password storage

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Authorization Security

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Scope Validation

• Implement proper scope validation
• Use principle of least privilege
• Implement scope-based access control
• Validate scope claims in tokens

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Resource Protection

• Implement proper resource server security
• Use token introspection for validation
• Implement proper error handling
• Use secure logging practices

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Common Vulnerabilities

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CSRF Attacks

• Use state parameters
• Implement proper CSRF tokens
• Validate origin headers

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Code Injection

• Implement proper input validation
• Use parameterized queries
• Implement proper output encoding

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Token Theft

• Use secure storage mechanisms
• Implement proper token binding
• Use short-lived tokens
• Implement proper revocation

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Best Practices

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Development

• Follow OWASP guidelines
• Implement proper error handling
• Use secure coding practices
• Regular security audits

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Deployment

• Use secure configurations
• Implement proper monitoring
• Regular security updates
• Incident response planning

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Next Steps

• OAuth 2.0 Basics
• OpenID Connect Basics
• Authlete Architecture